WOMEN AND WRITING IN THE 19TH CENTURY

 

Romanticism & Gender By Anne Kostelanetz Mellor Mellor, Anne Kostelanetz. Were Women Writers “Romantics”? MLQ: Modern Language Quarterly – Volume 62, Number 4, December 2001, pp. 393-405	Taking twenty women writers of the Romantic period, Romanticism and Gender explores a neglected period of the female literary tradition, and for the first time gives a broad overview of Romantic literature from a feminist…
Sarah Helen Power Whitman (January 19, 1803 – June 27, 1878) Poet, Essayist, Transcendentalist, Spiritualist; Romantic interest of Edgar Allen Poe Sarah Helen Power Whitman was born in Providence, Rhode Island. Her father was a prosperous merchant, but went bankrupt in the War of 1812. On a trip to the West Indies, he was captured by the British and, although he was released, chose not to return to his family for another 19 years. _____________________ VICTORIAN WOMEN WRITERS PROJECT INDIANA UNIVERSITY ________________ Written by Herself By Frances Smith Foster   This is the first comprehensive cultural of history of literature by African American women prior to the Twentieth century. Beginning with the earliest extant writings, Frances Smith Foster her textual analysis	EMILY DICKINSON (December 10, 1830 – May 15, 1886) Poet, lived in Amherst, Massachusetts Emily Dickinson, whose odd and inventive poems helped to initiate modern poetry, is an enigma, a mystery, a paradox. Only ten of her poems were published in her lifetime. We know of her work only because her sister and two of her long-time friends brought them to public attention. Most of the poems we have were written in just six years, between 1858 and 1864. She bound them into small volumes she called fascicles, and forty of these were found in her room at her death. She also shared poems with friends in letters. From the few drafts of letters that were not destroyed, at her instruction, when she died, it’s apparent that she worked on each letter as a piece of artwork in itself, often picking phrases that she’d used years before. Sometimes she changed little, sometimes she changed a lot. It’s hard to even tell for sure what “a poem” by Dickinson really “is,” because she changed and edited and reworked so many, writing them differently to different correspondents	Private Woman, Public Stage By Mary Kelley In the decades spanning the nineteenth century, thousands of women entered the literary marketplace. Twelve of the century’s most successful women writers provide the focus for Mary Kelley’s landmark study
MUNSTER WOMEN	Postcolonial Poetry in English By Rajeev Shridhar Patke This book offers an introductory survey of contemporary poetry in English from all the regions that have developed into modern nations from the former British Empire. It is ideally suited for readers interested in world.	HAVE YOU NO LANGUAGE OF YOUR OWN NO WAY OF DOING THINGS DID YOU SPEND ALL THOSE HOLIDAYS AT ENGLAND’S APRON STRINGS ? E K BRAITHWAITE EMIGRANTS

BACK ON THE BEEJAPORE 1853

FROM TWAS HARD TO DIE FRAE HAME

‘IT WAS HARD TO
DIE FRAE HAME’:
DEATH, GRIEF AND MOURNING AMONG SCOTTISH MIGRANTS TO NEW ZEALAND,
1840 -1890.

 

By
Debra Powell
A Thesis
Submitted to the University of Waikato
in fulfilment of the
requirements for the degree of
Master of Arts
in History
2007

Infectious diseases, chronic illness, accidents at sea, dysentery and diarrhoea, and the debilitating effects of constant seasickness on pregnant women and breast-feeding mothers, all took a toll on passenger numbers. Migrants were not unaware of the risks involved. The loss of babies and infants was considered an inevitable consequence of long seaboard journeys. William Usherwood on board the Beejapore to Sydney in 1853 expressed a common sentiment when he wrote: ‘The … adults are all in good health, we have lost several children but this was quite expected, being always the case’.

Outbreaks of typhoid and scarlet fever occurred aboard the clipper ship Collingwood on its journey to New Zealand in 1875. Passenger Thomas Heath wrote about the experience in verse, describing just such a situation which took place after the death of a child travelling in the cabin class:
Again death has been here today about noon,
And took the one child from out the saloon.
Amongst the passengers there he was a great pet,
And those passengers have not got over it yet.
His mother had horror of canvas for a shroud
And wanted her boy to be sent away proud
In a coffin that the carpenter would be asked now to make
So a watery grave would not be his lot, for her own sake.
It would be watertight so the coffin would float.
“Yes,” said she, ‘and then it could be picked up by a boat,
Who would take him to land and bury him there.”
And so put an end to her terrible scare.
So the Captain gave orders to the carpenter brave
To make up a coffin and these were the orders he carefully gave,
The coffin to be made and with sailcloth be covered,
The bottom as well as the rest, lest it be discovered

That holes had been bored in the bottom therein
To let in the water, and that was no sin.
At sunset it was launched well on the wave,
And it floated and comfort to the mother it gave,
When the water got in sometime in the night,
It sank to the bottom and was soon lost to sight.

http://adt.waikato.ac.nz/uploads/approved/adt-uow20070301.143621/public/02whole.pdf

A BRITISH VERSION OF THINGS

GLASGOW HERALD 1844 FEB 20

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MRS HAMILTON-GREY ONLINE

 

	http://www.archive.org/stream/factsfanciesabou00hami

ROSE LORRAINE BENNETT

SEE ALSO HENRY KENDALL THE MAN AND THE MYTHS BY MICHAEL ACKLAND.
JOHN HENNIKER HEATON who married ROSE LORRAINE BENNETT in 1873 and went on to bring the penny stamp into service.	IMAGES FROM THE LETTERS OF JOHN HENNIKER HEATON ON INTERNET ARCHIVE http://www.archive.org/stream/lifelettersofsir00portiala Dedicated to the dear mother who was ROSE LORRAINE, Henry’s “first love”.
	POEM : HENRY KENDALL by his Mother. Then came to his heart a great first love Which could never be conquered by time; Hence his muse was oft draped in sadness, And she wore it oft times in his rhyme. A first disappointment is bitter, And may bring in its turn many woes; Though it seems but a trifling matter To be baulked in just plucking a rose. But pride with its wing covered over The vulture that tore at his breast, None knew what it was but the writer; It was a sealed book to the rest. Kiama Independent, Oct 16, 1883
Rose “Lorraine” By Henry Kendall 4/18/1839-8/1/1882 Sweet water-moons, blown into lights          Of flying gold on pool and creek, And many sounds and many sights          Of younger days are back this week. I cannot say I sought to face          Or greatly cared to cross again The subtle spirit of the place          Whose life is mixed with Rose Lorraine. What though her voice rings clearly through          A nightly dream I gladly keep, No wish have I to start anew          Heart fountains that have ceased to leap. Here, face to face with different days,          And later things that plead for love, It would be worse than wrong to raise          A phantom far too vain to move. But, Rose Lorraine — ah! Rose Lorraine,          I’ll whisper now, where no one hears – If you should chance to meet again          The man you kissed in soft, dead years, Just say for once “He suffered much,”          And add to this “His fate was worst Because of me, my voice, my touch” –          There is no passion like the first! If I that breathe your slow sweet name,          As one breathes low notes on a flute, Have vext your peace with word of blame,          The phrase is dead — the lips are mute. Yet when I turn towards the wall,          In stormy nights, in times of rain, I often wish you could recall          Your tender speeches, Rose Lorraine. Because, you see, I thought them true,          And did not count you self-deceived, And gave myself in all to you,          And looked on Love as Life achieved. Then came the bitter, sudden change,          The fastened lips, the dumb despair: The first few weeks were very strange,          And long, and sad, and hard to bear. No woman lives with power to burst          My passion’s bonds, and set me free; For Rose is last where Rose was first,          And only Rose is fair to me.	The faintest memory of her face,          The wilful face that hurt me so, Is followed by a fiery trace          That Rose Lorraine must never know. I keep a faded ribbon string          You used to wear about your throat; And of this pale, this perished thing,          I think I know the threads by rote. God help such love! To touch your hand,          To loiter where your feet might fall, You marvellous girl, my soul would stand          The worst of hell — its fires and all! ROSE AS LADY HENNIKER HEATON

The History of Australian Discovery and Colonisation By Samuel Bennett

The History of Australian Discovery and Colonisation

By Samuel Bennett

it is probable that accounts of the
existence of the great unknown country beyond them
reached the Western world, and were handed down from age
to age as part of the traditionary knowledge of mankind.
It is impossible to fix the date at which this knowledge
found its way to Europe ; but there are good reasons for
believing that the northern coasts of the continent of
Australia were not wholly unknown to Strabo and other
ancient geographers previous to the Christian era*
Strabo (R.C. 50,) mentions a great island which lay about
twenty days’ sail south-east from India, and which stretched
far towards the west. Pomponius Mela also mentions a
Great South Land, but is uncertain whether it is an island
or the beginning of another continent. Pliny (A.D. 77,)
refers to a great island to the south of the equator, the central
parts of which were said to be occupied by an inland sea.
Ptolemy, (A.D. 150,) after describing the Malay Peninsula
under the name of the Golden Chersonesus, states that
beyond it to the south-east lay a great bay. At the utmost
extremity of this bay, in latitude eight and a half degrees
south, he places Catigara, the most remote place to which the
navigators of his time had penetrated. From this bay he says
the land turned to the west, and stretched in that direction to
an unknown distance. The latitude given by Ptolemy
would indicate a position in the bay, or apparent bay, formed
by the south-western shores of New Guinea and the
northernmost parts of Australia. The narrow channel
dividing the two countries — discovered by Torres, a Spanish
navigator, so recently as the early part of the seventeenth
century — was of course unknown in the time of Ptolemy,
and consequently that portion of the Indian Ocean would
appear to the navigators of his age to be a very deep and
extensive bay. From this great bay Ptolemy states that the
coast stretched to the west until, as he believed, it reached
the eastern extremity of Africa.
This error did not originate with Ptolemy, although the almost
universal reception for many ages of his system of geography
greatly contributed to maintain and spread it. Hipparchus,
who may be considered as his teacher and guide, had taught
that the earth was not surrounded by the ocean, but that the
sea was separated by isthmuses, which divided it into several
large basins. Ptolemy, having adopted this opinion, was the
more readily led to the belief that the great unknown country

 READ ON

THE HUSBAND OF ROSE LORRAINE

JULY 22 1899 FREEMAN’S JOURNAL DUBLIN IRELAND	ROSE LORRAINE IS THE DAUGHTER OF SAMUEL BENNETT The Samuel Bennett Family of Newtown from 1854 Onward. by Ross Williams. HENRY KENDALL: “Rosebank” has a link with Henry Kendall, through a romantic association, which developed while the Bennetts were living at Newtown. Rose, born in 1848 and Samuel Bennett’s oldest surviving daughter, was the Rose of Henry Kendall’s poem “Rose Lorraine”. In the 1860’s, the Kendalls, Henry’s widowed mother, Henry and his three sisters lived in nearby in “Randall Terrace”, in Enmore Road. Rose was a good friend of Kendall’s sister, Josephine, with whom she shared a love of music and singing, and spent time at the Kendall’s home. Rose and Henry became romantically involved and he and Rose subsequently became engaged. However, following a falling out between them in March 1867, Kendall married Charlotte Rutter, a year later. His marriage was apparently not a happy one and the references to Rose, by name and indirectly in subsequent poems evidenced the great, lost love of his life – “There is no passion like the first”. Another connection between the two families was the commissioning by John Henniker Heaton of Kendall’s poem, “By the Cliff of the Sea” in memory of Samuel Bennett. The title alludes to Bennett’s final resting place, Waverley Cemetery.
SAMUEL BENNETT http://adbonline.anu.edu.au/biogs/A030134b.htm	JOHN HENNIKER-HEATON http://adbonline.anu.edu.au/biogs/A040421b.htm
http://www.ketupa.net/associated.htm	THE DAUGHTER OF ROSE LORRAINE
HISTORY OF AUSTRALIAN NEWSPAPERS. ROD KIRKPATRICK AND VICTOR ISAACS	the Perfect Hostess Rose Henniker-Heaton

ILLAWARRA IN THE 1830S AND 1840S

 

From the Sydney Gazettes of the late 1830s and early 1840s, there appears to be a period of land sales in Balgownie and Fairy Meadow. At this stage, research is indicating that William and Mary McNally had 50 acres of land each at Fairy Meadow or Fernhill. Unfortunately, some of this information comes from unexplained sources and/or from Mrs Hamilton-Grey with familiarly emotive deductions. Nevertheless there is enough legitimate evidence to suggest that there were adjoining grants belonging to William McNally and James and Mary(McNally) Martin which were acquired in 1830. There is a later suggestion that in app 1840, James Martin sold the grant of 50 acres which had been either his and Mary’s or Mary’s alone and vanished then without further record. It is at this time that Dr Cox appears in the story and Patrick McNally is listed as his tenant. Be that as it may, here are some aspects of the situation in the Illawarra in the 1830s and 1840s. Background again.

FROM MR ALICK OSBORNE SURGEON ROYAL NAVY Preston Chronicle (Preston, England), Saturday, October 5, 1833; Issue 1101.

ON 25 JUNE 1829, Sydney Gazettte and NSW Advertiser - Twenty pounds Reward was advertised WITH A TICKET OF LEAVE – to anyone who lodged the following in gaol or gave information leading to their arrests. The felons were two black natives BROGER and GEORGE MURPHY. They were suspected of being involved in the murder of  JOHN RIVETTS and were at large and committing various depredations in the ILLAWARRA DISTRICT. _____________________ Freeman’s Journal and Daily Commercial Advertiser (Dublin, Ireland), Friday, July 19, 1839 On the 23 January 1839  a son was born to the lady of Captain Raitt 80 Regiment at the ILLAWARRA STOCKADE. ____________________________ THE MCNALLYS being Irish Catholic; ____________________ In the Illawarra: 1830, JOHN WYLLIE had a grant of 4000 acres bounded on the south by his own land on the north by a chain of hills and on the east by Mrs Jenkins. ________________________

IMPOUNDED, at Illawarra, on the 2d of December, 1829, one red and white Cow, white tail, snail horns, branded on the near hip IS. If not owned within fourteen days from this date, will be sold at the Pound, to defray expenses. By Order of the Resident Magistrate, JAMES PIERCE, Poundkeeper. Wollongong, Jan. 8, 1830. [12s. http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2194289 The Sydney Gazette and… Thursday 14 January 1830,

RATIONS FOR TROOPS AND MOUNTED POLICE STATIONED AT WOLLONGONG OR AT ANY OTHER DISTRICT OF ILLAWARRA. NOVEMBER 1829 daily for each soldier 1lb of bread or biscuit or; 14 2-7 oz flour from which 20 per cent has been deducted in Bran and Pollard and; 1lb fresh or salt beef women one half and children one quarter of the above. daily for each horse

SEEKING MELINDA

Looking for my own family is proving to be a substantial and revealing process with contact from a wide variety of people and information generously shared http://lynnesheritage.wordpress.com/ – but when it comes to finding MELINDA – things are different. Even the fellow seekers are having difficulty. One of them described the McNallys as a “strange secretive lot “.  I thought that a ‘literary’ family with a poet of renown would leave a brighter trail to follow but Melinda seems well eclipsed. Sometimes I just want to beg. Surely there are others out there who would like to see Melinda and her McNallys as well as her daughters and son Basil E. drawn out of the shadows of Henry.